How should peacekeepers respond when they witness violence against civilians?

The correct choice highlights the critical responsibility of peacekeepers to protect civilians. When peacekeepers witness violence against civilians, their primary mandate is to ensure the safety and security of vulnerable populations. Immediate action to protect those at risk can involve intervening to stop the violence, providing shelter, or escorting civilians to safety.

This proactive approach aligns with the principles of the Protection of Civilians (PoC) mandate, which emphasizes not only the observation of violent acts but also the need for intervention when lives are in danger. By taking immediate action, peacekeepers can help to deter further violence and reassure the affected communities, thus fulfilling their duty to protect those who cannot protect themselves.

In contrast, the other choices do not adequately address the urgency and seriousness of responding to violence against civilians. Reporting incidents and remaining neutral may be appropriate in some contexts, but they do not offer the necessary immediate protection that civilians require during violent situations. Moreover, waiting for permission from local authorities can result in unnecessary delays, endangering vulnerable populations even further.